Fritz Pragst, in Hair Analysis in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology, 20154.4.2.3 Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction HS-SPME appears to be an essential clean-up step of the procedure. To the hair extract in the headspace vials, 1 mL phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.4) and 0.5 g NaCl are added in order to retain free fatty acids from evaporation and to use the salting-out effect.